（来源：CGTN 2025-06-23）

Editor's note: Gao Lei, a special commentator for CGTN, is an associate professor at the Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Opening-up, Research Institute of Globalization and China's Modernization, University of International Business and Economics. Xia Lu, a special commentator for CGTN, is a research fellow at the National Academy for Development and Strategy of Renmin University of China and Deputy Dean of the School of Marxism Studies at Xinjiang University. The article reflects the authors' opinions and not necessarily the views of CGTN.

Since the 2018 Central Foreign Affairs Work Conference enshrined Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy as the fundamental principle of China's foreign affairs work in the new era, China's diplomacy has demonstrated strong strategic determination and innovative vitality in a complex and volatile international environment. With the core concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind, guided by head-of-state diplomacy and supported by multilateral mechanism innovations, Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy has promoted China changing from a participant in global governance to a provider of public goods, and has won wide acclaim from the international community. Recent events attest to the fact that this thought is not only the guiding idea for China but it also helps bring about a better world.

Highlighting and improving multilateral mechanisms

The three pillars of the Global Development Initiative (GDI), the Global Security Initiative (GSI) and the Global Civilization Initiative (GCI) advocated by Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy provide China's solutions to global challenges. By the end of 2024, the GDI has attracted 82 countries to join the Group of Friends, the GSI has received support from 119 countries, and the UN General Assembly has adopted China's proposal to establish an International Day for Dialogue among Civilizations.

In particular, the GSI provides a new approach and impetus for addressing the ongoing crises and conflicts in the Middle East. It emphasizes that the security of one country should not come at the expense of others' insecurity and that the legitimate security concerns of all countries should be taken seriously. This vision helps break the traditional zero-sum game mindset and security dilemmas in the Middle East, providing new philosophical guidance for resolving conflicts. The initiative also advocates for a multilateral security architecture. China has proposed initiatives such as the "Five-point Initiative on Achieving Security and Stability" in the Middle East emphasizing the leading role of regional countries in addressing security challenges. It then encourages Middle Eastern countries to enhance security dialogue and cooperation to build a regional security framework that meets their needs.

In addition to internal disputes, the Middle East has witnessed continuous external interference ever since the end of the second World War that has brought more trouble rather than stability. With the guiding of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, China emphasizes respecting the sovereignty and independence of all countries and firmly opposes military interventions and other forms of external interference in the region. It in turn advocates for resolving issues through equal dialogue and negotiation, which helps Middle Eastern countries maintain their sovereignty and dignity while reducing tensions caused by external interference.

Demonstrating China's responsibility as a major power

In the past several years, Chinese President Xi Jinping has held face-to-face meetings with leaders of Middle East countries on several occasions to have in-depth exchanges of views on bilateral relations and international and regional issues of common concern, injecting new impetus into regional stability and development, and sending a signal of China's solid support for peace and stability in the Middle East. This type of diplomatic practice of "making partnerships but not alliances" has broken the zero-sum game mentality of conventional geopolitics and brought new moves to the reform of the global governance system.

In the face of hotspot issues, such as the on-going crisis and conflict in the Middle East, China has always adhered to an objective and fair position, and practiced the principles of "people-centered diplomacy" and "a holistic approach to national security" with the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy. In dealing with the Gaza conflict, China has aided the UN Security Council to adopt the first ceasefire resolution and provided several batches of humanitarian assistance to the residents. In terms of the Israel-Iran conflict, China promptly calls on the parties to the conflict, especially Israel, to createa cease fire as soon as possible, to ensure the safety of civilians and start dialogue and negotiations. As a trustworthy and responsible major power, China is ready to work with the international community to unite forces, uphold justice, and make efforts to restore peace and stability in the Middle East. All of these actions are a testament to President Xi's argument on "the responsibility as a major power" – protecting its core interests on the one hand while injecting stability into a turbulent world on the other hand.

With the guiding of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, not only does China focus on the symptoms of conflicts but it also makes attempts to address their root causes. China believes that economic development and social progress are key to resolving the Middle East crisis. By combining the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) with post-war reconstruction in the region, China has proposed initiatives such as establishing a Middle East Reconstruction Fund. This advocacy would help affected countries restore their economies, address development deficits, and eliminate the root causes of conflicts.

Dialogue among civilizations: Diplomatic wisdom beyond ideological differences

Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy emphasizes the civilizational concept of "equality, mutual learning, dialogue and inclusiveness," and promotes China's diplomacy to transcend ideological barriers. During the G20 summit in 2024, President Xi put forward a proposal of "the?promotion?of?modernization?that?is?fair,?reasonable,?open?and?win-win,?people-oriented,?diverse?and?inclusive,?eco-friendly,?peaceful?and?secure," which received widely positive responses. In terms of cultural exchanges, China has promoted mutual learning among civilizations through platforms such as the Youth Forum on Creativity and Heritage along the Silk Road and the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations.

The Middle East region encompasses a rich resource of civilizations, such as Arab civilization, Persian civilization, and Jewish civilization, as well as multiple religious beliefs and ethnic groups. With the guiding of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, China emphasizes respecting the diversity of civilizations, advocating that civilizations are equal, without hierarchy or superiority. This will help dispel misunderstandings and biases among regional countries, fostering mutual respect and understanding. For instance, Israel and Islamic countries in the region have long-standing differences due to historical, religious, and cultural factors. By promoting civilizational exchange, China encourages both sides to view each other's cultures and religions with an open mindset, reducing hostility and resentment, and laying a foundation of trust for resolving conflicts.

Over the past few years, as the guiding idea of China's foreign policies, Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy has proved that it is not only a theoretical innovation, but also an effective guide to action. With "peaceful development" as the background, "win-win cooperation" as the logic, and "multilateralism" as the path, it has pushed China's foreign policies to open a new chapter in the midst of changes. In the future, it will continue to lead major-power diplomacy with Chinese characteristics, and stick to the principle of "only by upholding justice can one achieve internal unity and popular support" in the midst of the current changes unseen in a century.

附原文链接：https://news.cgtn.com/news/2025-06-23/How-Xi-Jinping-Thought-on-Diplomacy-has-guided-China-s-diplomacy-1ErodPRPf4Q/p.html